Collection ID: 0031 | Metadata type: TEI | TEI XML | Data

Title

Book of Hours, Use of Rome (Hours of Étienne Thirion; formerly the Champion‑Minard Hours)

Other related names

• Thirion, Étienne, former owner
• Brölemann, Henry Auguste 1775-1854, former owner (https://viaf.org/viaf/306258238)
• Brölemann, Thierry, former owner
• Brölemann, Arthur-Auguste 1826-1904, former owner (https://viaf.org/viaf/90747473)
• Mallet, Étienne, former owner (https://viaf.org/viaf/93687784)
• Collins, Philip S., former owner
• Collins, Mary Schell, former owner

Funders

• Council on Library and Information Resources

Call number

1945‑65‑14
(Philadelphia, United States, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs, Philip S. Collins Collection)

Alternate identifiers

• deRicci: 25

Publisher

Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs

Language

Latin; Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)

Origin

Place

Dijon?, France

Summary

This Book of Hours for the Use of Rome was produced in Burgundy, likely Dijon. The manuscript appears to have been produced for Étienne Thirion, receiver of the estate of Montréal (Yonne), who inscribed the book on fol. 2r and is depicted in prayer on fol. 25v. Thirion's coat-of-arms is depicted three times in the book: alone (fol. 25v), hanging from a tree alongside that of his wife (which remains unidentified) on the armorial frontispiece (fol. 3r), and impaled with those of his wife (fol. 12r). The presence on fol. 3v of an almanac for twenty years beginning in 1518 suggests a date of production on or shortly before that year. The manuscript begins with a continuously-running calendar illustrated with zodiac and labor of the month vignettes (fols. 4r-11r). The Gospel Lessons and associated texts (fols. 12r-25v) are preceded by a full-page miniature in an all'antica frame showing the martyrdom of Saint John, the composition of which is based on Albrecht Dürer's Apocalypse woodcut print from 1511. Each of the subsequent Gospel Lessons as well as the Passion According to John, the Obsecro te, and the O intemerata begin with a small square miniature. Likewise included within this section, but unillustrated, are the Prayer of Saint Augustine and further prayers to the Virgin. The Hours of the Virgin (fols. 26r-59r), which is intercalated with the Hours of the Cross and Hours of the Holy Spirit, is introduced by a large miniature of the Annunciation in an all'antica frame, which is itself faced by a portrait of the book's owner at prayer on fol. 25v. The Visitation and Carrying of the Cross are depicted in full-width miniatures, while those for the other Hours consist of smaller, inset scenes. Some of the pages with smaller miniatures are surrounded by all'antica frames or fuller foliate frames. The Penitential Psalms, Litany, and Prayers (fols. 59v-67v) are introduced by a large miniature of King David surrounded by an all'antica frame, while the Office of the Dead (fols. 69r-84r) is preceded by an unusual full-page miniature showing a group of Franciscan (?) monks and nuns and a man and woman mourning a naked dead body laid on a table (fol. 68v). The unillustrated Suffrages are followed by prayers for everyday activities (fols. 84v-93v). The Hours of the Conception of the Virgin (fols. 94r-96v) begins with a small miniature of Saint Anne with the Virgin and Child in her womb. A separate section includes the Seven Prayers of Saint Gregory (fols. 97r-97v). Accessory texts (fols. 98r-105r) are introduced by a small miniature of the Virgin and Child in Glory, and include Prayers to the Virgin followed by Five Requests to God and three rhymed prayers in French. The final original section consists of Sayings of the Church Fathers and a Question and Answer about the Mass, in French (fols. 105v-106v). Finally, an added gathering in a different hand consists of Prayers for Confession and Communion in a different hand, in French (fols. 107r-111v). The miniatures are related in style to those found in the Hours of Bénigne Serre, another Burgundian official, dated to 1524 (Switzerland, Private Collection).

Notes

• First leaf of first quire is upper pastedown; last leaf of last quire is lower pastedown
   
• Rubrics on fol. 3v, fols. 90v-93v, and fols. 98r-106v in French; prayers on fols 99r-106v and 107r-111v in French
   
• Multiple imprints of spectacles visible in inner margins between fols. 106v and 111r
   

Extent

111; 252 x 68 mm bound to 264 x 174 mm

Foliation

Modern foliation in pencil, upper right recto

Collation

1-2 (2), 3-12 (6), 13 (7, +5), 14-20 (6)

Support

Parchment

Binding

Original brown stamped calf with fleur-de-lis and rampant lion stamps over wooden boards; repairs and patches along spine and filled clasp catches

Layout

One column of twenty-seven lines, frame-ruled in brown ink; written area: 155 x 92 mm

Decoration

Three full-page miniatures, seven large miniatures including a portrait of the book's owner on fol. 25v, and twelve small miniatures; twelve framed Zodiac and Labor of the Month vignettes in upper margins of calendar; eight all'antica frames with putti and other figures surrounding select miniatures; four full foliate borders; enclosed panel borders on most other text pages; three coats-of-arms; illuminated initials and line-endings throughout; decorated initials in a different style and incomplete secondary decoration on added gathering beginning at fol. 107r

Script

Gothic--textualis

Provenance

• Étienne Thirion (inscription in French on fol. 2r: "Iste heure pertinent Stephano Thyrion Receptore de monte regali"), receiver of the seigneury of Montréal (Yonne); Henri-Auguste Brölemann (1755-1854), Lyons (his octagonal label on lower left corner of inside front cover, "A 206"); Thierry Brölemann, Lyons, 1854; Arthur Auguste Brölemann (armorial bookplate, inside front cover; his catalogue, 1897, p. 27, no. 56); Madame Étienne Mallet (her sale, Sotheby's, London, May 4-5, 1926, lot 55; catalog clipping on fol. 1r and manuscript description on lower pastedown); Philip S. Collins; gift of Mary Schell Collins in memory of her husband, 1945
   

Related resources

• Supplement to the Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada, originated by C. U. Faye, continued and edited by W. H. Bond (New York: The Bibliographical Society of America, 1962), p. 472, no. 25.
• Zigrosser, Carl, "The Philip S. Collins Collection of Mediaeval Illuminated Manuscripts," Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin 58, no. 275 (Autumn 1962): pp. 24, 26-27 (article pp. 3-34).

Keywords

• Book of Hours
• 16th century
• French
• Illumination
• France
• Devotion
• Notable binding
• Heraldry

Licenses

• Text

  These images and the content of Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs 1945‑65‑14: Book of Hours, Use of Rome (Hours of Étienne Thirion; formerly the Champion‑Minard Hours) are free of known copyright restrictions and in the public domain. See the Creative Commons Public Domain Mark page for usage details, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/.

  URL

  http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

• Text

  To the extent possible under law, Philadelphia Museum of Art has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this metadata about Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs 1945‑65‑14: Book of Hours, Use of Rome (Hours of Étienne Thirion; formerly the Champion‑Minard Hours). This work is published from: United States. For a summary of CC0, see https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Legal code: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode.

  URL

  https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode

Table of contents

• fol. 2r — Ownership note, Étienne Thirion
• fol. 3v — Almanac for twenty years, beginning in 1518
• fol. 4r — Calendar
• fol. 12r — Gospel Lessons, followed by Prayer of Saint Augustine ("Deus propicius esto michi..."), Passion according to John, Obsecro te, O intemerata, and Stabat Mater and prayers to the Virgin, "Missus est Gabriel..." and "Ave cuius conceptio...."
• fol. 26r — Hours of the Virgin with Hours of the Cross and Hours of the Holy Spirit intercalated
• fol. 59v — Penitential Psalms, Litany, and Prayers
• fol. 69r — Office of the Dead
• fol. 84v — Suffrages followed by prayers for everyday activities
• fol. 94r — Hours of the Conception of the Virgin
• fol. 97r — Seven Prayers of Saint Gregory
• fol. 98r — Prayers to the Virgin followed by the Five Requests to God known as the "Testament du pèlerin," and three rhymed prayers: "O Royne qui fustes mise...," "A toy royne de hault paraige...," and "Marie dame toute belle...," in French
• fol. 105v — Sayings of the Church Fathers and Question and Answer about the Mass, in French
• fol. 107r — Prayers for Confession and Communion in a different hand, in French
• Inside back cover — Twentieth-century manuscript description, in ink

Decorations

• Inside front cover — Bookplate, A. Brölemann
• fol. 1r — Print catalog clipping
• fol. 1v — Bookplate, Philip S. Collins
• fol. 3r — Full-page miniature, Tree with arms of Thirion and Minard(?)
• fol. 4r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Feasting
• fol. 4r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Aquarius
• fol. 4v — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Keeping Warm
• fol. 4v — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Pisces
• fol. 5r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Pruning
• fol. 5r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Aries
• fol. 5v — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Hawking
• fol. 5v — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Taurus
• fol. 6v — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Riding
• fol. 6v — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Gemini
• fol. 7r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Shearing
• fol. 7r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Cancer
• fol. 7v — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Mowing
• fol. 7v — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Leo
• fol. 8r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Reaping
• fol. 8r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Virgo
• fol. 9r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Treading Grapes
• fol. 9r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Scorpio
• fol. 9v — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Sowing
• fol. 9v — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Libra
• fol. 10r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Keeping Pigs
• fol. 10r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Sagittarius
• fol. 11r — Marginal vignette with Labor of the Month, Burning Chaff
• fol. 11r — Marginal vignette with Zodiac sign, Capricorn
• fol. 11v — Full-page miniature, Martyrdom of Saint John the Evangelist
• fol. 11v — All'antica architectural frame with putti and drollery
• fol. 12r — Coat-of-arms, Thirion impaled with Minard(?)
• fol. 12r — Marginal figure, Wild man
• fol. 12v — Small miniature, Saint Luke
• fol. 12v — Marginal figure, Wild man
• fol. 13r — Small miniature, Saint Matthew
• fol. 13v — Small miniature, Saint Mark
• fol. 14v — Small miniature, Agony in the Garden
• fol. 18v — Small miniature, Virgin and Child with a bird
• fol. 20r — Small miniature, Virgin and Child with a flower
• fol. 25v — Large miniature, Portrait of Étienne Thirion kneeling in prayer with book, with coat-of-arms
• fol. 26r — Large miniature, Annunciation
• fol. 26r — All'antica architectural frame with putti, dragon, and drolleries
• fol. 33r — Large miniature, Visitation
• fol. 33r — All'antica architectural frame with putti, stork, snails, and drolleries
• fol. 37v — Large miniature, Carrying of the Cross
• fol. 37v — All'antica architectural frame with putti, owl, butterfly, and drolleries
• fol. 38v — Small miniature, Pentecost
• fol. 38v — All'antica architectural frame with putti
• fol. 39r — Small miniature, Nativity
• fol. 39r — Full foliate border
• fol. 41r — Small miniature, Annunciation to the Shepherds
• fol. 43v — Small miniature, Adoration of the Magi
• fol. 43v — Foliate border with incomplete escutcheon
• fol. 46r — Small miniature, Presentation in the Temple
• fol. 46r — All'antica architectural frame with snails
• fol. 48r — Large miniature, Flight into Egypt
• fol. 48r — Full foliate border
• fol. 51v — Large miniature, Coronation of the Virgin
• fol. 51v — Full foliate border
• fol. 59v — Large miniature, David and Bathsheba
• fol. 59v — All'antica architectural frame with monkeys and grasshopper
• fol. 68v — Full-page miniature, Monks and nuns mourn a dead body
• fol. 68v — All'antica architectural frame with putti and a bear
• fol. 94r — Small miniature, Virgin and Child in the Womb of Saint Anne
• fol. 98r — Small miniature, Virgin and Child in Glory